Notes
Born 3/1/1912 Kensington, NSW. Son of Reuben and Esther Solomons, of Coogee, NSW. Simon Stanley Solomons, 32 years old, of the Royal Australian Air Force and Henry George Popper, 19 years old, of the Royal Air Force, were both on a Lancaster bomber that was shot down over Sweden on 30 August 1944. They managed to bail out, but the plane exploded above them, and all the crew were found on the ground or suspended in parachutes from trees, dead from the force of the explosion. What were two Jews doing in the skies over Europe in 1944? At that time, RAF and other allied bombers were being downed by German night-fighters guided by ground controllers at radar screens. So the Telecommunications Research Establishment at Malvern developed a method of jamming the enemy's equipment. The only drawback was that it required an eighth member of the air crew - the "Special Duty Operator" or SO - who could recognise not only, in the cacophony of the Continent, who was speaking German, but understood the lingo well enough to pick up on the enemy's quite sophisticated efforts at misdirection. There was no room for the SO in the heated forward section of the Lancaster bombers, so they sat in the back, dressed as best they could to weather temperatures that, at 20,000 feet over Germany, got down to minus 60 Fahrenheit. Because of the language requirement, many of the SOs were Jews of German extraction, for whom being shot down and captured in the Third Reich meant not a PoW camp but certain torture and death. Yet they, like all the other SOs, cheerfully volunteered for the job. One such was 19 year old Henry George Popper, born Heinz George Popper.